The Philosophies Of Aristotle And Confucius - 978 Words

What is virtue? The philosophies of Aristotle and Confucius establish virtue as a moral trait that encompasses love, courage, good manners, and happiness. To achieve virtue, one must display qualities of altruism and promote benevolence in every action. The virtuous person lives by a high moral standard that is achieved through the habitual conditioning of disposition. Temperament is trained by recurrently choosing the best course of action or the one that causes the least amount of pain or suffering towards others. The virtuous person, in Confucian principles, performs in accordance to ren to achieve the dao. According to Aristotle, the pinnacle of virtue is happiness. Therefore, the philosophies of Aristotle and Confucius can be used to†¦show more content†¦Confucius argues that the junzi treats all beings as equals regardless of where the person may lie in any social structure that separates individuals living in wealth from those whom live in poverty. The philosophy of t he junzi, abiding by the aspects of ren is: â€Å"Do not do unto others what you would wish done to you† (Confucius, 12.2). The argument by Confucius is that the person who lives in ren will achieves dao, a world transformation where a person’s temperament is harmonious with nature. The conditions of the junzi compares to the ideas of a virtuous person as outlined by Aristotle, who argue that a person of virtue constantly acts in a way in which their actions seek happiness, which is the ultimate good. This resembles the idea of the junzi displaying ren to attain dao. Confucius and Aristotle both agree that that virtue is neither taught nor learned, but rather something that comes from habituation. Aristotle states that: â€Å"the proper excellence or virtue of man will be the habit or trained faculty that makes a man good and makes him perform his function well† (Aristotle, 42). In order for a person to obtain virtue, their actions have to be one of second, almost first, nature. Virtue is a natural custom that is performed via the natural will of a person and not from instruction. In the Analects of Confucius, the Master talks about treating everyone as an honored guest when stepping out the frontShow MoreRelatedEssay about Confucius and Aristotle on Virtue953 Words   |  4 PagesConfucius and Aristotle on Virtue Lisa Wilson Dr. Malone Date 12/5/2015 Confucius and Aristotle are some of the greatest thinkers in the history of mankind. While Confucius was born in China and spearheaded a new way of perceiving morality, Aristotle was born in Macedon/Greece and also immersed his philosophical work to addressing moral thinking.Both philosophers have addressed similar subjects with major points of divergence and convergence.Read MoreSimilarities Between Confucius And Confucius1391 Words   |  6 PagesCompare and Contrast the Concept of Friendship according to Aristotle and Confucius. Confucius and Aristotle both examined the concept of friendship. Since they lived in vastly different societies, one would expect that their concepts would be dissimilar. Surprisingly they are also similarities. The two traditions’ thoughts on friendship are from two perspectives, virtue and trustworthiness. There are some similarities between Aristotle and Confucius on the concept of friendship. Both viewed friendshipRead MoreThere Are Sever al Similarities Between Aristotle And Confucius1499 Words   |  6 PagesThere are several similarities between Aristotle and Confucius on the concept of friendship.   Both viewed friendship as a relationship between virtuous and trustworthy friends who understand each other s character.   According to Aristotle and Confucius, virtue is essential when friends   are able to share their lives with one another during the time of fortune and misfortunes.   For this leads them to live happily, joyfully, and harmoniously as friends. Aristotle posited that, â€Å"The perfect form of friendshipRead MoreConfucius, Aristotle, Aquinas, And Erasmus1713 Words   |  7 PagesConfucius, Plato, Aristotle, Quintilian, Aquinas, and Erasmus As a Christian educator, it is important to base educational practices on Biblical authority. Christian education should teach students to learn to act like God and to do His work (Graham, 2003). â€Å"True education is to develop knowledge of God and His created reality and to use that knowledge in exercising a creative-redemptive dominion over the world . . . â€Å" (Graham, 2003, p. 57). Being a Christian educator, does not mean that organizationalRead MoreAristotle versus Confucius Essay1806 Words   |  8 PagesPhilosophy can best be described as an abstract, scholarly discourse. According to the Greek, philosophia refers to ‘love of knowledge’. This is an aspect that has involved a great number of clever minds in the world’s history. They have sought to deal with issues surrounding the character of veracity and significantly exploring the endeavors to respond to these issues. This paper seeks to compare and contrast the philosophy of Aristotle with t hat of Confucius. This is with a clear concentrationRead MoreThe Ethics Of Morals And Ethics942 Words   |  4 Pageselevated stature with moral development being grounded as an ultimate hope in human progress. They believed that better evolved morals would move away from our â€Å"troubled childhood† and to a more a humane admirable potential. Philosophers such as confucius and plato also had a role to play with developing morals as we know them. Confucian tradition has the four beginnings which are reason(became moral understanding) , affiliation (transmutes as compassion), resentment (which yields a sense of justice)Read MoreVirtue: Comparing the Views of Confucius and Aristotle Essay2072 Words   |  9 PagesVirtue Title Page Virtue: Comparing the Views of Confucius and Aristotle: Bernadette C. Townsend Humanities 101, {019016} Fall 2005 Ââ€" Mini Session Strayer University Instructor: Professor David Allen Outline Virtue: Comparing the Views of Confucius and Aristotle; Confucius Social Philosophy This paper will explore and discuss the social and political philosophy of Confucius and Aristotle, the views on virtue. The paper will examine the craft and artistic accomplishmentsRead MoreGreece s Impact On The World1335 Words   |  6 Pagesdevelopment of intellect, philosophers and philosophy began to emerge along with their ideas and share it to the world. In the Article, â€Å"Ancient Greek Culture and Civilization,† the author states, â€Å"The Philosophers-Socrates, Plato and Aristotle contributed to the way of thinking,human life, and science.† Ancient Greece philosophy fixated on the attitude of question and reasoning. Philosophy had an important significance on modern science and modern day philosophy. The three main philosophers of GreeceRead MoreAristotle And Aristotle On Education1262 Words   |  6 Pages2.2.2 Aristotle (384 – 322 BC) Another great influence on Education was the Greek philosopher and scientist Aristotle who came later after Confucius, who was born in Stagira, Chalcidice. Aristotle was first a student in Plato’s philosophy school for around twenty years. Later on he was a philosophy teacher in Atarneus which is located in Asia Minor. Aristotle is known for his school named â€Å"Lyceum† which is located in Athens, and he is also known for teaching Alexander the Great who can later. AccordingRead MoreThe Political Theories Of The Notorious Philosophers- Confucius959 Words   |  4 PagesThe political theories of the notorious philosophers— Confucius, Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, Machiavelli, Marx, Hobbes, Locke, and Rousseau— have significantly impacted the American Political System of today through their timeless appeal. If these philosophers were alive today, what would their perception be of the American Political System to date? Confucius, a Chinese philosopher, in 551 BCE - 479 BCE created Confucianism, centered upon restoring â€Å"peace and order.† According to Simon Worrall

Sexual Harrasment Essays - 639 Words

Sexual Harrasment The issue that I have chosen to research for the policy and procedures team is sexual harassment in the workplace. The present policy contained in the associate handbook states the following: Sexual harassment can take many forms. It includes unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, and other visual, verbal, or physical conduct of a sexual nature when a person’s employment with Sears depends on submission to the conduct; submission to or rejection of the conduct affects employment decisions concerning the person; or such conduct unreasonably interface with a person’s work performance or create an intimidating, hostile, or offensive work environment. Any violation of this policy will result in†¦show more content†¦The second way states Title VII says employers cannot discriminate with respect to the â€Å"conditions† of employment. The company’s definition of sexual harassment is similar to the one that I found in my research on this issue. The area that our company may want to look into is how an associate can prevent sexual harassment. Some of the key points are: how you dress, don’t do social service tasks, and avoid â€Å"courtship behavior.† The area of dressing to go to work may cause sexual harassment if the associate does not watch what they are wearing, associates should dress appropriately for the office. The next area is concerned with social service tasks such as getting the person lunch or any non work related activity. This will cause â€Å"you owe me on† and may lead to other things. The last area pertains to avoiding â€Å"courtship behavior,† which is non verbal communication. People may take this the wrong way and the results can lead to comments or actions that would interrupt the work place. These points can be related back to the associate during the focus meeting. The last area the policy and procedures team can look at is how the management can improve the way they handle sexual harassment in the work place. Luckily, this company hasn’t had to make many reports. Some points to cover are: to keep work quality high, get respect for the associate and keep a diary of sexual harassment reports. Keeping the workShow MoreRelated Sexual Harrasment in the Workplace Essay793 Words   |  4 PagesSexual Harrasment in the Workplace Sexual Harassment in the workplace is something so common, but ironically pushed aside which results in serious legal matter. What is sexual harassment? Sexual harassment is a form of discrimination that violates Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. It also takes the form of unsolicited sexual advances, requests for sexual favors and other verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature. Sexual harassment that interferes with an individual’s work performanceRead MoreSexual Harrasment Prevention Essay741 Words   |  3 PagesSexual Harassment Prevention BA411 Training and Development Grantham University Gustavo A. Hernandez 1. Create 2 more SMART goals for this training. Identify Different Types of Sexual Harassment Specific: Trainees will become familiar and aware of the many different forms that sexual harassment comes in. Measurable: Trainees will obtain knowledge on the following topics on sexual harassment: Harassing Conduct, Sexual Joking, Sexist Words, Sexist Behavior, Sexual Advances, and RequestsRead MoreSexual Harrasment709 Words   |  3 PagesThroughout the 1840’s and 1850’s a growing tension developed between the Northern and Southern states of America. That tension was primarily focused on the existence of slavery in the Southern states.  Most Northern states had abolished slavery by 1850 and made a promise to the people to end slavery completely. They wanted the South to begin to become similar to the North, and to live under the concept of free labor, and not rely on slavery for productivity. The resentment for the interference ofRead More Sexual Harassment is NOT Tolerable Essay1239 Words   |  5 Pages(EEOC) sexual harassment can be defined as unwelcome sexual advances, wishes for sexual favors, and other verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature constitutes sexua l harassment when submission to or rejection of this conduct clearly or completely affects an individuals employment, unreasonably interferes with an individuals work routine or creates a threatening, antagonistic or unpleasant work environment (EEOC, 2002). The victim or harasser can either be a man or a woman, and sexual harassmentRead MoreSociological causes of Homosexuality4486 Words   |  18 PagesSOCIOLOGICAL CAUSES OF HOMOSEXUALITY Department of Social Sciences College of Arts and Sciences University of the Philippines, Los Baà ±os Los Baà ±os, Laguna October 2012 INTRODUCTION The existence of gender classification determines our sexual segmentation. They are classified as either males or females. These gender classifications are also used as bases of physical work capacities, clothing preferences, decisions for priority and the like. More often than not, these segmentations representRead MoreSex Harassment And Sexual Harassment858 Words   |  4 Pagesfollowing document about sexual harassment and describe the differences between the comparisons of how it effect’s the life’s of them who have experienced the horrors of sexual harassment. Sexual harassment is a type of bullying, stereo-typically towards a woman requesting for sexual favours and acts in a verbal way it is stated by rape crisis London that within their research they found that it is â€Å" Estimates suggest that half of women in employment have been subjected to sexual harassment† (Rape CrisisRead MoreShould Female Contruction Workers Earn the Same Wages as Male2427 Words   |  10 PagesFreuds theory of psychoanalysis and the his account of sexual development that follows from it. In very simplistic terms his account places masculine Is the inequality between men and women a human universal In this essay I will look at whether the inequality between men and women is a human universal, or whether there are or have been societies in which women shared ... sexuality at its centre, making the penis the only recognised and valued sexual organ (Smart). Female sexuality is constructed as lackRead MoreInappropriate Behavior From The Eatery Business2290 Words   |  10 Pagesand 40% of men, separately. lewd behavior is pervasive all through the business. The larger part of specialists experience these undesirable sexual practices all the time, and they encounter them at high rates from administration, collaborators, and clients. The most astounding frequency of lewd behavior originates from collaborators, albeit undesirable sexual consideration from administration and clients is additionally regular. Ladies in tipped occupations encounter the most astounding rates ofRead MoreThe Future of Indonesia Is in the Childrens Hands Essay609 Words   |  3 Pagescommunity, for example, human trafficking, child domestic violence, sexual abuse, sexual harrasment and so forth. Actually, the parents did not realize the consequences if those mistreatment happened to their children. Children who are mistreated physically or mentally by their parents such as human trafficking, child domestic violence, sexual abuse usually will get some negative effects after the incident happened. Children who get sexual abuse experience by their parents will get any kind of trauma orRead MoreQuestions on Employment and Citizenship989 Words   |  4 Pages The best approach of avoiding liability is therefore the use of clear policies to shun harassment .The policy must be clearly communicated clearly to the employees. Employees must also be trained to recognize report as well as deal with cases of sexual harassment (Commission for Racial Equality for Northern Ireland,1999). 3. Distinguish between national origin and citizenship. National origin or nationality is basically historical in nature while citizenship is noted by the Law Offices of Karin

Supply chain management of Walmart Free Essays

We also express the depth of my appreciation to our honorable course teacher for her suggestion and guidelines, which helped us in completing this report. Letter of Transmittal November 19, 2014 Famish Skater Nip, Lecturer, Department of Management Studies, Jonathan University, Dacha. Us abject: Submission of Report on â€Å"Supply Chain Management Systems of Wall- Mare. We will write a custom essay sample on Supply chain management of Walmart or any similar topic only for you Order Now Dear Madam, We are the student of Department of Management studies, Jonathan University, Dacha and also from the group named â€Å"Dazzle†. A report was given to us by you on â€Å"Supply Chain Management Systems offal-Mart†for submitting. We are really happy to have such a challenging and interesting report like this and we also feel to say â€Å"thank you† to you for making us worthy for corporate. During the preparation of this report we learn something very extra in practical which will be very helpful for us in future. There were some obstacles we have faced at the time of preparing this report. But we have overcome all the obstacles by the endeavor effort by each member of our group. We had taken at most care to present this report and this report has been excellent outlet for combining theoretical and practical aspect. We are really grateful to you for giving us such a great job opportunity like this to prove our ability in making a quality report. We had limitations at the time of preparing this report. So mistakes may occur in preparing this report. We hope you Will take our mistakes forgivingly. Yours Sincerely, On behalf of the group Sec: A Jonathan university, Dacha Table of Contents Chapter Topics page No. Chapter-I Executive Summery 8 Introduction 9 Objectives of the Study 10 Methodology Chapter-2 Supply chain management 12-14 Functions of Supply Chain Management 14 About Wall-Mart 15-16 Wall-Mart at a glance 16-17 Strategic Position 18 Wall-Mart’s Supply Chain Description 20-23 Wall-Mart’s Business Processes 24 procurement and Distribution 25-26 Logistics Management 26-27 Company Supply Chain Strategy 28 Company Supply Chain Effectiveness 29-30 Future Work and Discussion 30-31 Chapter-3 Recommendation 33 Conclusion 34 References 5 CHAPTER- ONE Wall-Mart is one of the leading Fortune 500 companies, which is spread across the globe. It is perhaps the largest retail chain which deals with everything from food to consumer electronics. Supply chain management has been the foundation to Wall-Mart’s success and remains their chief competitive advantage in the retail/department store industry. Wall-Mart is in the business of selling everything customers need in their everyday lives. Wall-Mart was divided into three business segments: Wall-Mart stores, Cam’s Clubs, and the International Division. Their distribution system is generally regarded as the cost efficient and they have an approach to supply chain management that has long emphasized visibility through the sharing of information with their suppliers. Wall-Mart was one of the largest private sector employers in the world, with employee strength of approximately 1. 28 million. Supply chain management is moving the right items to the right customer at the right time by the most efficient means. No one does that better than Wall-Mart. Wall- Mart always emphasized the need to reduce its purchasing costs and offer the best price to its customers. The company procured goods directly from manufacturers, bypassing all intermediaries. Wall-Mart was a tough negotiator on prices and finalized a purchase deal only when it was fully confident that the products being bought were not available elsewhere at a lower price. Supply chain management (SCM) is â€Å"the systemic, strategic coordination of the traditional business functions and the tactics across these business functions within a particular company and across businesses within the supply chain, for the purposes of improving the long term performance of the individual companies and the supply chain as a whole. It has also been defined as the â€Å"design, planning, execution, control, and monitoring of supply Hahn activities with the objective of creating net value, building a competitive infrastructure, leveraging worldwide logistics, synchronizing supply with demand and measuring performance globally. † SCM is a cross-functional approach that includes managing the mov ement of raw materials into an organization, certain aspects of the internal processing of materials into finished goods, and the movement of finished goods out of the organization and toward the end consumer. As organizations strive to focus on core competencies and becoming more flexible, they reduce their ownership of raw materials sources and distribution channels. These functions are increasingly being outsourced to other firms that can perform the activities better or more cost effectively. The effect is to increase the number of organizations involved in satisfying customer demand, while reducing managerial control of daily logistics operations. Less control and more supply chain partners led to the creation of the concept of supply chain management. The purpose Of supply chain management is to improve trust and collaboration among supply chain partners, thus improving inventory visibility and the velocity of inventory movement. Wall-Mart was the largest retailing company in the world. The company was much bigger than its competitors in the US – Sears Roebuck, K-Mart, J Penny and Nordstrom combined (Refer Exhibit I). Len 2002, Wall-Mart operated more than 3,500 discount stores, Cam’s Clubs and Superstructures in the US and more than 1,1 70 stores in all major countries across the world. The company also sold products on the Internet through its website, Walter. Com. Wall-Mart was one of the largest private sector employers in the world, with employee strength of approximately 1. 28 million. The company’s founder, Sam Walton (Walton) had always focused on improving sales, constantly reducing costs, adopting efficient distribution and logistics management systems and using innovative information technology (IT) tools. According to analysts, Wall-Mart was able to achieve a leadership status ((Refer Exhibit II)) in the retail industry because of its efficient supply chain management practices. Captain Vernon L. Beauty, aide-De-camp to the commander, Defense Supply Center, Columbus, Ohio said, â€Å"Supply chain management is moving the right items to the right customer at the right time by the most efficient means. No one does that well than Wall-Mart. † Every task has a particular aim. A study without objective cannot reach its estimation. The main objective of the study is to know about â€Å"Supply Chain Management Systems of Wall-Mart†. Some other objectives of this study mention in the following: 1 . To know about Supply chain Management system. . To know about supply chain process. 3. To know about Wall-Mart. 4. To gather knowledge about supply chain management of Wall-Mart. 5. To get a real idea about supply chain system. 6. To increase knowledge about supply chain. 7. To know how to manage supply chain process from Wall-Mart. 8. To know about retail system. We have collected data in the following ways: Website Desk report of the related department. Ot her manual information. Different reference books of the library News paper Articles Internship report CHAPTER. Two THEORETICAL ASPECTS The term â€Å"supply chain management† entered the public domain when Keith Oliver, a consultant at Bozo Allen Hamilton (now strategy), used it in an interview for the Financial Times in 1982. The term was slow to take hold. It gained currency in the mid-1 sass, when a flurry of articles and books came out on the subject. In the late asses it rose to prominence as a management buzzword, and operations managers began to use it in their titles with increasing regularity. Commonly accepted definitions of supply chain management include: The management of upstream and downstream value- added flows of materials, final goods, and related information among suppliers, company, resellers, and final consumers The systematic, strategic coordination of traditional business functions and tactics across all business supply chain, for the purposes of improving the long-term performance Of the individual companies and the supply chain as a whole. A definition is given by Hines (2004:pop): â€Å"Supply chain strategies require a total systems view of the inks in the chain that work together efficiently to create customer satisfaction at the end point of delivery to the consumer. As a consequence, costs must be lowered throughout the chain by driving out unnecessary expenses, movements, and handling. The main focus is turned to efficiency and added value, or the end-user’s perception of value. Efficiency must be increased, and bottlenecks removed. The measurement of performance focuses on total system efficiency and the equitable monetary reward distribution to those within the supply chain. The supply chain system must be responsive to customer requirements. The integration of key business processes across the supply chain for the purpose of creating value for customers and stakeholders (Lambert, 2008) According to the Council of Supply Chain Management Professionals (CAMP), supply chain management encompasses the planning and management of all activities involved in sourcing, procurement, conversion, and logistics management. It also includes coordination and collaboration with channel partners, which may be suppliers, intermediaries, third-party service providers, or customers. Supply chain management integrates supply and demand management within and across companies. More recently, the loosely coupled, self- organizing network of businesses that cooperate to provide product and service offerings has been called the Extended Enterprise. Supply Chain Management (SCM) is the management of the relationship between the supplier’s supplier and the customer’s customer through the supply chain participants (Distributor/Wholesaler and Retailer) between them, mainly using information flow and logistics activities to gain Competitive advantage and customer satisfaction. Figure: Supply Chain Management System A supply chain, as opposed to supply chain management, is a set of organizations directly linked y one or more upstream and downstream flows of products, services, finances, or information from a source to a customer. Supply chain management is the management of such a chain. In many cases the supply chain includes the collection of goods after consumer use for recycling. Successful SCM requires a change from managing individual functions to integrating activities into key supply chain processes. In an example scenario, a purchasing department places orders as its requirements become known. The marketing department, responding to customer demand, communicates with several distributors and retailers as it attempts to determine ways to attics this demand. Information shared between supply chain partners can only be fully leveraged through process integration. Supply chain business process integration involves collaborative work between buyers and suppliers, joint product development, common systems, and shared information. According to Lambert and Cooper (2000), operating an integrated supply chain requires a continuous information flow. However, in many companies, management has concluded that optimizing product flows cannot be accomplished without implementing a process approach. How to cite Supply chain management of Walmart, Essays

Life Key Values

Question: ExplainReflecting Lifes Key Values. Answer: Thinking is a power or an ability which only humans have. Thinking helps us solve problems, formulate inferences, measure likelihoods and make decisions. Such thoughtful thinking is effective when it is used for a solution or a critical problem solving (Moon, 1999). Critical thinking and reflective thinking are extremely important for evaluating anything which is important and needs an analysis. Both are synonymous in nature. When I analyzed about my own critical thinking power it meant those skills or strategies which help enhancing the portability of the occurrence of an outcome desired by me. It is a directed way of thought process as it is focused mainly on one desired outcome.The concept of reflective thinking on the other hand is a bit more different. It is a component of the critical thinking process which refers to those processed which help making a judgment or an analysis of what has already happened (Halpern, 1996). I have highly benefit by using such thought processes in understanding my own self. They have helped me reflect on my own life. They have also helped me identify what is ideal for me and what is not. Positives are known to all of us. But the most important fact is knowing how to keep the negatives away which directly helps in living a much better life. Assumption Being an entrepreneur involved in the profession of writing and handling a team of writers along with my own personal responsibilities was not at all easy. The three values which primarily helped me undergo this big task and continue till today are My open mindedness, my willingness to accept both the responsibilities of work and home and my wholeheartedness to face my internal fears and uncertainties. (Colley, 2012)What we do and how we act in our lives has a direct impact on the world around us. The three levels of critical thinking has helped in me recognizing actions which will not just give desired results and help accordingly, but to also take a new path in achieving the same desired goal. My Civic Virtue and its Impact on the World Another important concept is that of values. Values are needed as they help us make assumptions for any argument which needs a reasoning at the backdrop. One value I cherish to be having is I never do anything that harms environment in any manner with an intention to harm it. The ethical care for the universe is the value I nurture inside me. It is a kind of a civic virtue one opts to develop with time (Raza, 2011). Values for Decision Making About Environment Thoughtful decisions regarding environmental changes involves a lot of activities ranging from consequences irreversible and of great importance for the current well being and future well being of the mankind. How fast is greenhouse gas emitted and how much is it emitting? How much must the quantity be reduced so that it does not affect climate changes? What are the standards one can set in his or her own life so that air and water pollution is not contributed by them?The above are the various questions and assumptions made by me when I am living my life and working for a living. These involves a process where I weight the cost and benefits in multiple dimensions. Although the stakes are high the government, society and nation many times fail to take measures to stop the consequences of environmental changes. Decision-making is sometimes disrupted. If as individual citizens each one of us does just our part then in a short time the society will be taking active part in taking care of the nature. Instead of waiting for standard processes to be followed one can simply stop contributing to environmental pollutants in every manner possible.Such a value has helped me immensely shaping my life. All environmental policy decisions involve numerous after effects. An example can be given about land usage. The more land is used to develop properties, houses, shops, offices, schools etc the more it is affecting water and air quality. It increases the risk of flooding, wildlife and carbon sequestrations.. These in addition to these have certain social and economical effects as well.One individually can stop this cycle by stopping the desire to use land for personal gains. When the mortals leave the immortal life then everything one possesses is left behind. Then what is the need to use land for a material gain which has no permanence. Good policies and thoughts, values and assumptions about our environment will be helpful for the entire world.(Polasky, 2012)In summary, crit ical thinking involves a wide range of thinking skills leading toward desirable outcomes and reflective thinking focuses on the process of making judgments about what has happened. However, reflective thinking is most important in prompting learning during complex problem-solving situations because it provides students with an opportunity to step back and think about how they actually solve problems and how a particular set of problem solving strategies is appropriated for achieving their goal. References Moon, J. A. (1999). Reflection in learning and professional development: Theory and practice. Hawaii.edu.Halpern, D. F. (1996). Thought and knowledge: an introduction to critical thinking (3rd ed.). Mahwah.Binta, M Colley. (2012). Reflection: A Key Component to ThinkingCriticallyAnonymous, (2007), ACritical Reflection Framework, Education.vic.gov.auRaza, E Rabbi. (2011), What are the Value Conflicts and Assumptions for Critical Reading?Polasky, S. (2012), Valuing the Environment for Decisionmaking